The evidence suggests people who want to eat well use nutrient lists to choose healthier options. Interpretative labels help them when they find the labels hard to understand. Nutrition labels also create incentives for food manufacturers to reformulate their products, so helping populations more broadly by increasing the availability of food\u00a0of higher nutritional value.<\/p>\n
Clear standards are also needed on the use of nutrient and health claims. Evidence shows these claims alter the perception people have of these products \u2013 making it essential that they do not mislead.<\/p>\n
Download the table<\/a><\/p>\n","policyActionsHeading":"Examples of policy actions","policyActions":[{"heading":"Mandatory nutrient lists on packaged food*","overview":" *<\/span>Most other countries follow Guideline CAC\/GL 2-1985 from the Codex Alimentarius Commission in requiring nutrition labels only when a nutrition or health claim is made and\/or on food\u00a0with special dietary uses<\/p>\n","implementationsHeading":"What the action involves and where implemented","implementations":[{"overview":" Producers and retailers are required by law to provide a list of the nutrient content of pre-packaged food products (with limited exceptions), even in the absence of a nutrition or health claim. The rules define which nutrients must be listed and on what basis (eg per 100g\/per serving).<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> EU Regulation 1169\/2011 on the Provision of Food Information to Consumers, passed in 2011, requires a list of the nutrient content of most pre-packaged food to be provided on the back of the pack from 13 December 2016. This Regulation is also applicable in Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein as members of the European Economic Area. In Switzerland, nutrient content labelling is only mandatory for products bearing nutrient or health claims or sold to the EU (but most manufacturers already label nutrient content on their food products voluntarily).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1273","name":"EU"},{"countryId":"1274","name":"Iceland"},{"countryId":"1275","name":"Liechtenstein"},{"countryId":"1276","name":"Norway"},{"countryId":"1277","name":"Switzerland"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Mandatory nutrient lists","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In Malaysia, a nutrient list detailing energy, protein, carbohydrates and fat per 100g\/100ml and per serving must be provided on select categories of packaged food, including bread, confectionery, dairy products, canned food, fruit juices, salad dressings and mayonnaise; ready-to-drink beverages must also include total sugars. A nutrient list is also mandatory for any product bearing a nutrition claim, products with added vitamins and minerals, and special purpose food\u00a0for infants and young children. Details are provided in the Malaysian Guide to Nutrition Labelling and Claims (2010), which reflects labelling legislation from 2003 (as incorporated into the Food Act of 1983 and Food Regulations of 1985) and subsequent amendments.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1278","name":"Malaysia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Mandatory nutrient lists","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In South Korea, a nutrient list must be provided on select categories of pre-packaged food, including cookies\/candies\/popsicles, breads and dumplings, cocoa products, jams, oils, noodles and pasta, drinks and beverages, and food\u00a0of special use. The Foods Labelling Standards were first enacted in 1996, and the Labelling Standard for Health Functional Food in 2004; both Standards have been revised several times since then. Based on the 1st Master Plan on Reducing Sugar Intake 2016\u201320 and the 2016 White Paper by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, further categories will be required to bear nutrient lists with a three-stage implementation between 2017 and 2022 (including cereals, ready-to-eat products and ready-to-cook products in 2017; dressings and sauces in 2018\u201319; Korean-style boiled grain-\/meat-\/fish-based food\u00a0and processed food\u00a0based on fruit\u00a0or vegetable purees\/pastes in 2020\u201322).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Mandatory nutrient lists","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t Nutrient lists on pre-packaged food must, by law, include the trans fat content of the food. The rules generally define how the trans fat content must be listed, and on what basis (eg per 100g\/100ml or per serving). If the trans fat content falls below a certain threshold, it may be listed as 0g (eg less than 0.5g per serving, or less than 0.3g per 100g of food product). Chile requires mandatory trans fat labelling only once the total fat content per serving exceeds 3g.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Van Camp et al. (2012) Changes in fat contents of US snack foods in response to mandatory trans fat labelling<\/a>. Public Health Nutrition<\/em> 15(6), 1130-1137<\/p>\n Lee JH et al. (2010) Trans<\/em> Fatty Acids Content and Fatty Acid Profiles in Selected Food Products from Korea between 2005 and 2008<\/a>. Journal of Food Science<\/em> 75(7), C647-C652<\/p>\n Ricciuto L et al. (2008) A comparison of the fat composition and prices of margarines between 2002 and 2006, when new Canadian labelling regulations came into effect<\/a>. Public Health<\/em> Nutrition<\/em> 12(8), 1270-1275<\/p>\n Friesen R, Innis SM (2006) Trans<\/em> Fatty Acids in Human Milk in Canada Declined with the Introduction of Trans<\/em> Fat Food Labeling<\/a>. The Journal of Nutrition<\/em> 136(10), 2558-2561<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1280","name":"Argentina"},{"countryId":"1281","name":"Brazil"},{"countryId":"1247","name":"Canada"},{"countryId":"1248","name":"Chile"},{"countryId":"1257","name":"Hong Kong"},{"countryId":"1282","name":"Paraguay"},{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"},{"countryId":"1269","name":"Taiwan"},{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"},{"countryId":"1283","name":"Uruguay"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Trans fats","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t In 2014, the governments of Australia and New Zealand started to implement a Health Star Rating (HSR) system as a voluntary scheme for industry adoption. It is a joint Australian, state and territory governments and New Zealand government initiative developed in collaboration with industry, public health and consumer groups. The HSR system takes into account four aspects of a food associated with increasing risk for chronic diseases; energy, saturated fat, sodium and total sugars content along with certain \u201cpositive\u201d aspects of a food such as its content of fruit, vegetables, nuts and legumes, and in some instances, dietary fibre and protein. Star ratings range from \u00bd star (least healthy) to 5 stars (most healthy). Implementation is overseen by the Australia and New Zealand Ministerial Forum on Food Regulation, the Front-of-Pack Labelling Steering Committee, the Trans-Tasman Health Star Rating Advisory Committee, the New Zealand Health Star Rating Advisory Group and a Technical Advisory Group. The Technical Advisory Group is currently evaluating progress as well as conducting a formal review of the HSR system, including an assessment of the underlying algorithm. Recommendations for the HSR system\u2019s improvement will be presented in 2019.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Mhurchu CN, Eyles H, Choi YH (2017) Effects of a voluntary front-of-pack nutrition labelling system on packaged food reformulation: The Health Star Rating system in New Zealand. Nutrients 9(8):918<\/p>\n Health Star Rating Advisory Committee (2017) Two year progress review report on the implementation of the Health Star Rating system \u2013 June 2014 \u2013 June 2016<\/a>. \u00a0<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1246","name":"Australia"},{"countryId":"1265","name":"New Zealand"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Added May 2019:\u00a0<\/span>On 1 April 2019, the Belgian Government adopted France\u2019s Nutri-Score labelling system by Royal Decree. The Royal Decree sets the conditions for the use of the voluntary nutrition label which match the French system criteria with no amendments. The European Commission approved the use of the NutriScore label. The NutriScore label uses a nutrient-profiling system, based on the UK Food Standards Agency model. It classifies food and drinks according to five categories of nutritional quality, indicated via a colour scale ranging from dark green to dark orange. Each colour is also associated with a letter from A (dark green) to E (dark orange) to make the labelling more accessible and understandable to consumers. The score takes into account per 100 grams whether the contents of the product include nutrients and food that should be favoured (including fiber, protein, fruit and vegetables) or nutrients that should be limited (including energy, saturated fatty acids, sugars and salt). The amount of nutrients per 100 grams contained in the product is scored using a points system (0\u201340 for nutrients that should be limited and 0\u201315 for nutrients that should be favoured). The nutritional score of the product is calculated by subtracting the \u201cnutrients to limit\u201d points from the \u201cnutrients to emphasize\u201d points. All processed food is included, except aromatic herbs, teas, coffees and yeasts, and all beverages, except alcoholic beverages.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1287","name":"Belgium"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":"New"},{"overview":" The Ministry of Health of Brunei Darussalam introduced a Healthier Choice Symbol in February 2017. Products bearing the logo indicate that the products meet a set of nutrient criteria, which were adapted from Singapore\u2019s Healthier Choice Symbol Nutrient Guidelines. Nutrient criteria exist for >60 sub-categories of foods and beverages. Food and beverages manufacturers wishing to use the symbol must acquire a food analysis report from an accredited food testing laboratory to submit with their application, which is reviewed by the Healthier Choice Committee. Approved products are permitted to use the Ministry of Health\u2019s Healthier Choice Logo and specific nutrition claims (eg. \u201clower in saturated fat\u201d, \u201chigher in calcium\").<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1550","name":"Brunei"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2012, the Chilean government approved a Law of Nutritional Composition of Food and Advertising (Ley 20.606). In June 2015, the Chilean authority approved the regulatory norms required for the law\u2019s implementation (Diario Oficial No 41.193) which came into effect on 27 June 2016. The regulatory norms define limits for calories (275 calories\/100g or 70 calories\/100ml), saturated fat (4g\/100g or 3g\/100ml), sugar (10g\/100g or 5g\/100ml) and sodium (400mg\/100g or 100mg\/100ml) content considered \u201chigh\u201d in food\u00a0and beverages. All food and beverages that exceed\u00a0these limits are required to have a front-of-package black and white warning message inside a stop sign that reads \u201cHIGH IN\u201d followed by CALORIES, SATURATED FAT, CALORIES,\u00a0SUGAR or\u00a0SODIUM, as well as \u201cMinistry of Health\u201d. A warning message will be added to products per category that exceeds the limit (eg\u00a0a product high in fat and sugar will have two stop signs). The regulatory norms provide specifications for the size, font\u00a0and placement of the warning message on products. The limits for calories, saturated fat, sugar and sodium will be implemented using an incremental approach, reaching the defined limits by 1 July 2018 (see \"O \u2013 Offer healthy food and set standards in public institutions and other specific settings\" and \u201cR \u2013 Restrict food advertising and other forms of commercial promotion\u201d for details of the law's school food and advertising restrictions).<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Updated May 2019: <\/span>The Choices logo, a voluntary, industry-initiated scheme, is widely used in Czech Republic and Poland. The logo identifies healthier options in each food group. Products must meet nutritional criteria set by an independent scientific committee. In the Netherlands, the Choices logo was introduced in 2006, but is no longer supported by the Government. In Belgium, the logo was introduced in 2007 but is no longer supported by the Government. The logo was introduced in the Czech Republic in 2011, and in Poland in 2008.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Vyth, EL\u00a0et al. (2010)\u00a0Actual use of a front-of-pack nutrition logo in the supermarket: consumers\u2019 motives in food choice<\/a>.\u00a0Public health nutrition<\/em>,\u00a013<\/em>(11), 1882-1889<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1288","name":"Czech Republic"},{"countryId":"1289","name":"Netherlands"},{"countryId":"1290","name":"Poland"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":"New"},{"overview":" In 2015, the Croatian Government introduced a voluntary front of pack nutrition label called the \u201cHealthy Living logo\u201d. The logo is a green coloured cloud image accompanied by the name of the Croatian Institute of Public Health written in Croatian. Nutrient criteria for the Healthy Living logo is based on the recommended daily intake of energy and selected nutrients (total fat, saturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, sugars, proteins, salt) per adult (EU Directive on the provision of food information to consumers No. 1169 \/2011, Annex XIII, Part B, Regulations on the provision of food information to consumers (OG 8\/2013)). There are nine groups of products (milk and dairy products; fats and oils; fruits, vegetables and their products; beverages \u2013 water and tea included; cereals and grain products; confectionery; meat, fish and processed meats and fish; pre-prepared meals; other) included in the nutrition profiling system. Nutrients considered include total fat, saturated fat, trans fatty acids, sugar, sodium, fibre, added aroma and preservatives. The aim of the logo is to; stimulate food companies to improve and reformulate the composition of their products; encourage healthy product promotion; help consumers quickly identify healthier options when making food purchases; and facilitate purchasing decisions.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1325","name":"Croatia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The Danish Whole Grain logo was launched in January 2009. It was developed by the Danish Whole Grain Partnership, which is comprised of the Danish Food Administration and Health NGOs (the Danish Cancer Society, the Danish Heart Foundation and the Danish Diabetes Association) and commercial partners (millers, bread, rice, pasta producers, retailers, craft bakeries and cereal producers). The Partnership aims to increase the availability of whole grain products and enhance knowledge of the positive effects of whole grain. Products must meet nutritional criteria set by a working group of the Partnership chaired by the Danish Food Administration that includes representatives from all types of partner organisations. In addition, products bearing the Whole Grain logo must also fulfill the Nordic Keyhole\u2019s nutrient profile to ensure the logo does not appear on products high in fat, sugar and\/or salt. It is mandatory for products bearing the Whole Grain logo to include this statement: \u201cThe Danish Veterinary and Food Administration recommends 75g whole grain per day as part of a varied diet\u201d and \u201cThis product contains XXg whole grain per 100g\u201d. A logo manual covers all aspects of use and promotion of the Whole Grain logo.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> The Swedish government set nutritional criteria for the use of the Keyhole logo established in Sweden in 1989 and launched as a common Nordic label on 17 June 2009 in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. The Lithuanian Ministry of Health signed the agreement to join the Keyhole programme in 2013 and approved criteria for products to bear the logo in 2014. In Iceland, the programme entered into force in November 2013. The aim of the Keyhole logo is to help consumers choose products that contain less fat, salt and sugar. Use of the logo is voluntary, but products must conform to the nutrition criteria, which are identical among participant countries of the programme. New, stricter requirements came into force on 1 March 2015, with a transition period until 1 September 2016 for products adhering to the old requirements. Under the new requirements, Keyhole products will need to contain less salt, sugar and saturated fat, and more whole grains. For the first time, criteria were introduced for maximum salt content in meat and fish products.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1284","name":"Denmark"},{"countryId":"1274","name":"Iceland"},{"countryId":"1305","name":"Lithuania"},{"countryId":"1276","name":"Norway"},{"countryId":"1285","name":"Sweden"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" A regulation of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador published in November 2013 (No. 4522, El Reglamento de Etiquetado de Alimentos Procesados) requires packaged food to carry a \u201ctraffic light\u201d label in which the levels of fats, sugar and salt are indicated by red (high), orange (medium) or green (low). Full compliance with the regulation was required by 29 August 2014.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> EU Regulation 1169\/2011 on the Provision of Food Information to Consumers, passed in 2011, permits EU Member States to develop voluntary guidelines for front of pack nutrition information, to be used in addition to the mandatory nutrition information on the back of pack. Information on energy value, fat, saturated fat, sugar and salt content is permitted. Different styles of presentation (eg\u00a0% Guideline Daily Allowances or traffic lights) are permitted. This Regulation is also applicable in Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein as members of the European Economic Area and Switzerland based on its bilateral agreements with the EU.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1273","name":"EU"},{"countryId":"1274","name":"Iceland"},{"countryId":"1275","name":"Liechtenstein"},{"countryId":"1276","name":"Norway"},{"countryId":"1277","name":"Switzerland"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" National legislation regarding the compulsory use of warning labels on high-salt food in Finland has been in place since 1993. The legislation is applied to all the food categories that make a substantial contribution to the salt intake of the Finnish population. Food that is high in salt is required to carry a \"high salt content\" warning if the salt content is more than 1.1% in bread, 2% in sausages, 2.2% in cold meat cuts, 2% in fish products, 1.4% in cheese, 1.2% in ready to eat meals, and 1.4% in breakfast cereals or crisp bread. These limits were last updated in December 2016 and since then also apply to unpackaged cheese, sausages, and other meat products, where the information must be communicated in writing at the retail outlet in a readily accessible manner close to the unpacked food.<\/p>\n A heart symbol system was introduced in 2000 by the Finnish Heart Foundation and the Finnish Diabetes Foundation. The heart symbol indicates that a product is a better choice regarding sodium and salt content compared with another product in the same food category. The heart symbol system is acknowledged by the Finnish national authorities, and the National Nutrition Council recommends consumers to use products bearing the heart symbol.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1286","name":"Finland"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1610","name":"Warning"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" On 26 January 2016, the French Ministry of Health introduced Article 5 of the Health Act that recommended introducing a system of nutrition labelling. The Directorate-General for Health requested Public Health France to design the nutrition labelling and the decision to recommend the NutriScore system was informed by research that trialled four different types of nutrition labels in 80 supermarkets in September 2016. The NutriScore system was chosen as the most consumer-friendly. The NutriScore label uses a nutrient-profiling system, based on the UK Food Standards Agency model. It classifies food and drinks according to five categories of nutritional quality, indicated via a colour scale ranging from dark green to dark red. Each colour is also associated with a letter from A (dark green) to E (dark red) to make the labelling more accessible and understandable to consumers. The score takes into account for every 100 grams of produce whether the contents of the product include nutrients and food that should be favoured (positive nutrients including fibre, protein, fruit and vegetables) or nutrients that should be limited (negative nutrients including energy, saturated fatty acids, sugars, salt). The amount of nutrients per 100 grams contained in the product is scored using a points system (0\u201340 for negative nutrients and 0\u201315 for positive nutrients that should be favoured). The nutritional score of the product is calculated by subtracting the negative nutrient points from the positive nutrient points. All processed food is included, except aromatic herbs, teas, coffees and yeasts, and all beverages, except alcoholic beverages.<\/p>\n The European Commission approved the use of the NutriScore label and on 31 October 2017 the French government signed a decree outlining that the NutriScore label would be used in France. The label is voluntary and to date six major retailers and manufacturers have already entered into a Charter of Commitment to use the labelling on their products.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1299","name":"France"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In March 2015, the Iranian government introduced a new version of the Food and Beverages labelling regulation that introduced a front of pack traffic light label. It displays individual information on the fat, sugar, salt, trans fatty acids and energy content of the product to improve consumer understanding. Green indicates low or a little amount of the corresponding nutritional risk factor, yellow indicates a moderate amount and red shows a high amount, with thresholds set for each colour. For example, the thresholds for salt quantity are green - less than 0.3g of salt per 100g of food, yellow - between 0.3g and 1.5g of salt per 100g of food, and red - more than 1g of salt per 100g of food. The label is mandatory for all industrial foods which are manufactured in, or imported into, Iran. The label is not mandatory for traditional foods and outlet foods. This advanced labelling protocol was implemented step by step over a period of 18 months, extended for another 12 months, and is now fully implemented.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1301","name":"Iran"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1605","name":"Traffic light"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" On 20 April 2017, the Minister of Health of Malaysia launched the Healthier Choice Logo in collaboration with food and beverages industries in Malaysia. The objectives of the Healthier Choice Logo are to: help consumers quickly identify healthier products within the same food category; assist consumers in making informed food choices through authentication of the logo displayed on the food products; educate the public on the use of approved products within a healthy and balanced eating pattern; and encourage and promote good practices among food industries in producing \u201chealthier choice\u201d products. Implementation of the Healthier Choice Logo is voluntary. Products bearing the logo indicate they meet a set of nutrient criteria, which exist for 42 sub-categories of foods and beverages. As of 15 May 2017, 48 products from various food and beverage companies have the Healthier Choice Logo.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1278","name":"Malaysia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Updated May 2019:<\/span> In 2014, the Mexican Federal Commission of Sanitary Risk Prevention (COFEPRIS)\u2014 the regulating body in Mexico responsible for food safety \u2014 published Front-of-Package labelling regulations (Decree DOF: 24\/04\/2012) required for most pre-packaged foods and non-alcoholic beverages sold and distributed in Mexico. The regulation format follows the guideline daily amount (GDA) format and outlines that the nutrients shown on the front-of-pack labels must be listed in Spanish and include, in this order: 1) Saturated fat (Grasa saturada) 2) Other fats (Otras grasas) 3) Total sugars (Azucares totales) 4) Sodium (sodio) 5) Energy (Energ\u00eda) - either per serving or per package, or both. The labels of pre-packaged foods and non-alcoholic beverages show the total energy, saturated fat, other fats and total sugar content of the product expressed in kilocalories or calories and in percentages of recommended daily amounts as well as the sodium content expressed in miligrams or grams and in percentages of recommended daily amounts. Saturated fat, other fats, total sugars, sodium, energy (per serving and per pack) are included using a Guideline Daily Amounts format. Products that must display the label include: cereals, flavoured beverages, dairy, dressings, processed fruits, vegetables, legumes, meat, poultry, fish, ready-made dishes, chocolate, candy, desserts and miscellaneous (ice cream, marmalade, o\u00edl). Herbs and spices, vinegar, food and beverages with less than 1% of recommended daily amounts or bulk sale products are exempt from the label. The Regulation also proposes a voluntary logo called \u201cSello Nutrimental\u201d an interpretative front-of-pack label that can be added to a product if it complies with a nutrition profile established by COFEPRIS. This is aimed to distinguish healthier products amongst similar category of food products available in the market. A special application must be submitted to COFEPRIS for approval to use the label.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1264","name":"Mexico"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":"New"},{"overview":" The Nigerian Heart Foundation developed the voluntary Heart Check front-of-pack labelling programme in collaboration with the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC). Products must meet nutritional criteria, set by the Nigerian Heart Foundation and approved by NAFDAC, on added sugar, sodium, fat as well as dietary fibre; oils and related products must meet criteria on trans fat and cholesterol. The Nigerian Heart Foundation grants permission to use the Heart Check logo on packaged food following a joint approval by NAFDAC and Nigerian Heart Foundation. The logo is in use since 2005; the criteria were last amended in January 2016.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1272","name":"Nigeria"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1616","name":"Civil society"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" On 13 December 2012, the Philippines Food and Drug Administration issued FDA Circular No. 2012-015 which set out guidelines for a voluntary front of pack label that applies to FDA-CFRR regulated products (processed and prepackaged food products). The label must appear on the lower right hand portion of the principal display panel and must outline the amount of energy per serving of the food, and the percentage of the calorie value based on the Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intakes (RENI) for energy. Producers need to submit their labels to the FDA for approval before they can be displayed.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1267","name":"Philippines"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The government of Singapore introduced a Healthier Choice\u00a0symbol in 1998 with defined nutrition criteria. Food manufacturers and retailers can voluntarily use the label on front-of-pack for products that meet the nutritional criteria. In 2003, the use of the symbol was extended to food service operators such as hawkers and restaurants. Food service operators can display the symbol next to dishes meeting the criteria. There is also a Healthy Snack symbol for products that are individually packed in small portions and meet specific nutrition guidelines. A refreshed Healthier Choice symbol, based on revised nutrient guidelines, was launched in September 2015 and existing products with the current symbol\u00a0will have to be depleted by 1 January 2018. Products carrying the current symbol\u00a0will need to re-apply to carry the revised symbol. Currently there are nutrition guidelines covering >60 food categories.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1291","name":"Singapore"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In 1993, the Slovenian Heart Foundation initiated the Little Heart logo (formerly Protects Health label), a stylised heart that can be used on pre-packed food and menus in public canteens that meet the requirements of the European Commission\u2019s Regulation No. 1924\/2006 on Nutrition and Health Claims made on Foods. Underneath the heart symbol, the specific nutritional properties are listed that the product meets (eg low fat content, rich in fibre) and which make it a healthier choice compared with other food products in the same category. The initiative is supported by the Slovenian Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food. <\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1309","name":"Slovenia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1616","name":"Civil society"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The South Korean Special Act on Safety Control of Children's Dietary Life recommends colour-coded labelling for use on the front of pre-packaged children's \"favourite food\" including cookies\/candies\/popsicles, breads, chocolates, dairy products, sausage (fish\u00a0or meat based), some beverages, instant noodles and fast food\u00a0(seaweed rolls, hamburgers, sandwiches). Guidance for the front-of-pack colour-coded labelling was issued by Public Notice (2011), and outlines three permitted designs using green, amber and red to identify whether products contain low, medium or high levels of total sugars, fat, saturated fat, and sodium.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1605","name":"Traffic light"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" On 1 May 2016, a traffic light labelling system for beverages was implemented in Sri Lanka after the government introduced a regulation under Section 32 of the Food Act, No. 26 of 1980. The regulation states that drinks that contain more than 11g of sugar per 100ml of drink should have a red label, drinks that contain 2\u201311g per 100ml should have an amber label and drinks containing less than 2g per 100ml should have a green label. The regulations have been enforced with raids carried out on retailers by Ministry of Health officers, and legal action is threatened for those who do not comply with the regulation under Section 32, as above.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1346","name":"Sri Lanka"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1605","name":"Traffic light"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The Ministry of Public Health Notification (No. 374) BE. 2559 (2016) issued by the Thai Food and Drug Administration requires five categories of food (snack, chocolate, bakery, semi-processed food and chilled or frozen meal) to carry a Guideline Daily Amounts (GDAs) label.<\/p>\n In August 2016, the voluntary Healthier Choices logo was launched in Thailand, a front-of-pack labelling scheme to help consumers identify healthier food choices (Notification of the Ministry of Public Health No. 373, B.E.2559 2016, Re: The Display of Nutrition Symbol on Food Label, 12 February 2016). The logo was developed in collaboration between the National Food Commission, the Ministry of Health's Food and Drug Administration, the Health Promotion Foundation and Mahidol University. The Healthier Choices logo is owned by the Thai Food and Drug Administration, and its use is managed by the Nutrition Promotion Foundation of Mahidol University. The logo can be applied to beverages, sauces and condiments, dairy products, ready-to-eat meals, instant food and snacks; it is intended to eventually cover all food products. To be eligible for the logo, fish sauce must not contain more than 6g of sodium per 100ml, and soy sauce not more than 5g sodium per 100ml. Beverages must not contain more than 6g of sugar per 100ml if they are sold in single-serving containers; in beverages sold in containers that exceed 150% of a single serving, sugar must not exceed 18g per container. All other food must not exceed 500kcal and has to reach at least 20 points out of an achievable 40 points on the required nutrient content. The point system contains minimum and maximum levels of total fat, saturated fat, total sugar, protein, sodium, calcium fibre and iron in six categories, ranging from 0 (worst) to 5 (best).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1270","name":"Thailand"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1610","name":"Warning"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2015, the Health Authority Abu Dhabi (HAAD) introduced the voluntary Weqaya food programme which allows food producers to use the Weqaya logo on products which satisfy the criteria set out in the Specification for using the Weqaya food programme (ADS 13\/2015). The logo consists of a heart shape in which the word \u2018Weqaya\u2019 is written, meaning \u2018prevention\u2019 in Arabic. The specifications require that products must adhere to maximum levels of calories, total fat, saturated and trans fat, sodium, added, total and naturally occurring sugars, and cholesterol. In addition, they may not be deep fried or contain artificial sweeteners and flavours.\u00a0Flour, rice and grain-based products must contain minimum amounts of whole grains and fibre to be permitted to bear the logo. The only beverages allowed under the programme are unsweetened 100% vegetable juices, and unsweetened low fat milk and other fermented dairy products.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1310","name":"UAE"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2006, the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) recommended that food retailers and manufacturers place front-of-pack traffic-light labels on products. The recommended labelling format consists of four separate colour-coded lights indicating the level of fat, saturated fat, sugar and salt in the product. A \u2018red\u2019 light indicates a \u2018high\u2019 level of that nutrient, an \u2018amber\u2019 light a \u2018medium\u2019 level and a \u2018green\u2019 light a \u2018low\u2019 level, with nutrition criteria set by the FSA. In 2013, the UK government published national guidance for a voluntary Front of Pack Nutrition Labelling Scheme for pre-packaged products. The guidelines are for colour-coded labels which use green, amber and red to identify whether products contain low, medium or high levels of energy, fat, saturated fat, salt and sugar.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> In June 2013, through the English government\u2019s voluntary pledge programme, the Responsibility Deal, 23 companies made voluntary commitments (\u201cpledges\u201d) to adopt the government\u2019s recommended Front of Pack Nutrition Labelling Scheme (last company signed up in February 2014). The Responsibility Deal was operational during the coalition government from 2010 to 2015.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> Added May 2019:<\/span> In August 2018 the Uruguay Executive Branch approved the Decree 272\/018 requiring mandatory use of front-of-package labels on food products containing excess amounts of certain compounds as specified in the Decree. The Decree states that a food product must display a front-of-pack label by February 2020 if it exceeds at least one of the established criteria: sodium - 8 mg\/1kcal or 500mg\/100g; sugars- 20% of the total caloric value; fat- 35% of the total caloric value; saturated fat- 12% of the total caloric value. After February 2020 this will increase to 1 mg\/1kcal or 360mg\/100g; sugars- 10% of the total caloric value; fat- 30% of the total caloric value; saturated fat- 10% of the total caloric value. The front-of-pack label shall consist of symbols with octagonal design and black background and white border, which state \"EXCESS\" followed by the corresponding nutrient: FAT, SATURATED FATS, SUGARS or SODIUM. It must include a symbol for each nutrient that is in excess.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1283","name":"Uruguay"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":"New"}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t The Food Safety Act 2009 in Fiji\u00a0and the Pure Food (Food Control) Regulations 2009 in the Solomon Islands require on-shelf labelling for canned luncheon meat, canned meat containing other food that has more than 20% fat, and for all minced meats and sausages sold unpackaged. The label should read \"This brand of canned luncheon meat\/canned meat with (name of the other food) is high in fat. For a healthy diet eat less\". It is reported to not be widely implemented.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1298","name":"Fiji"},{"countryId":"1374","name":"Solomon Islands"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1610","name":"Warning"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > On-shelf","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t Legislation in the Australian Capital Territory (amendments to Food Regulation 2002 in effect since February 2012) and the states of New South Wales (Food Regulation 2010, in effect since February 2011), South Australia (amendments to Food Regulation 2002 in effect since February 2012), Queensland (amendments to Food Act 2006, passed in March 2016, enforceable from March 2017) and Victoria (amendment to Food Act 1984 in effect since 1 May 2018) require restaurant chains (eg fast food chains, ice cream bars) with \u226520 outlets in the state (or seven in the case of ACT), or 50 or more across Australia, to display the kilojoule content of food products on their menu boards. The display must be clear and legible. Average adult daily energy intake of 8,700kJ must also be prominently featured. Other chains\/food outlets are allowed to provide this information on a voluntary basis, but must follow the provisions of the legislation (except in Victoria where voluntary display need not comply with the legislation).<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> New South Wales Food Authority (2013) Evaluation of Kilojoule Menu Labelling.<\/a> Newington.<\/em> NSW: NSW Food Authority.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1246","name":"Australia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2010, the Nutrition Section of the Ministry of Health of Bahrain\u00a0developed voluntary menu labelling recommendations for fast food chain restaurants. Nutrients are mostly displayed per portion and include calories, fat, protein, carbohydrates, salt and sugar. Menu labelling may be done in a variety of ways such as on panels at ordering counters and checkouts or on food tray sheets. The main fast food chains operating in Bahrain have implemented the menu labelling recommendations (such as Burger King, McDonald\u2019s, Diary Queen, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Subway and Jasmi\u2019s).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1356","name":"Bahrain"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In effect since 1 January 2017, Ontario\u2019s Healthy Menu Choices Act, 2015 (passed in May 2015 as part of the Making Healthier Choices Act, 2015 (Bill 45) and accompanied by Ontario Regulation 50\/16) requires food service premises that are part of a chain of 20 or more food service premises in Ontario (as well as certain cafeteria-style food service premises) to display calories for \u201cstandard food items\u201d on menus, labels and display tags. Regulated food service premises include restaurants, quick-service restaurants, convenience stores, grocery stores, movie theatres, public-facing cafeterias, food trucks and others. \u201cStandard food items\u201d are restaurant-type food or drink items (eg ready-to-eat items) that are sold or offered for sale in servings that are standardised for portion and content. Menus include paper menus, menu boards, electronic menus, drive-through menus, online menus or menu applications, advertisements and promotional flyers. Food service premises must also display information on daily caloric requirements. Ontario\u2019s 36 public health units are responsible for implementation of the Act. The Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care developed an implementation guide, fact sheets and a frequently asked questions document to facilitate and streamline implementation.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1247","name":"Canada"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Based on the voluntary 2008 Guidelines of Advertisement and Nutrition Labelling for Fast Food Restaurants, Malaysian fast food restaurants are encouraged to display nutrient information on energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat and sodium for food and total sugar for beverages. Restaurants are free to decide how they display this information (eg\u00a0on-pack labelling, brochures, posters in the outlet). Implementation of the Guidelines is not monitored but the Ministry of Health periodically engages with the fast food industry to urge companies to implement the Guidelines.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1278","name":"Malaysia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Since 2010, the South Korean Special Act on Safety Control of Children\u2019s Dietary Life has required all chain restaurants with 100 or more establishments to display nutrient information on menus including energy, total sugars, protein, saturated fat and sodium on menus.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Since July 2015, convenience store chains, drink vendor chains and fast food chains have to label the sugar and caffeine content of prepared-when-ordered drinks (eg\u00a0coffee- and tea-based drinks, fruit and vegetable juices) according to a regulation based on the Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation. The amount of sugar added to drinks (specified in sugar cubes) and its calorie content have to be displayed on drink menus and\/or notice boards in a prescribed minimum font. In addition, different colours have to be used to signal the level of caffeine contained in coffee drinks. It is reported that many stores are not compliant with these labelling requirements due to lack of resources.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1269","name":"Taiwan"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Added May 2019:<\/span> On 2018, the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) introduced mandatory measures on calorie labels on menus. These measures apply to all food facilities including restaurants, ice cream parlours, juice and fresh fruit vendors, bakeries, sweets shops, cafeterias, supermarkets, recreation facilities, colleges, universities and government agencies. Calories will be displayed at cashier desks, menu boards, table menus, drive-through menus, phone and web applications.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1372","name":"Saudi Arabia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":"New"},{"overview":" In England, as part of the government\u2019s Responsibility Deal, 45 out-of-home businesses committed to provide calorie information on menus and display boards, including some leading companies. Although voluntary, the label had to follow a standard government model. The Out of Home Calorie Labelling pledge was implemented in September 2011. The Responsibility Deal was operational during the coalition government from 2010 to 2015.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> Section 4205 of the US Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010) created a new clause 403(q)(5)(H) in the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act (1938) which requires that all chain restaurants with 20 or more establishments display energy information on standard menu items. The implementing regulations were published by the Food and Drug Administration on 1 December 2014. Despite implementation being delayed several times, the regulation went into effect 7 May 2018. Two states (California, Vermont), seven counties (eg King County, WA and Albany County, NY) and two municipalities (New York City, Philadelphia) have already implemented regulations requiring chain restaurants (often chains with more than a given number of outlets) to display calorie information on menus and display boards. These regulations will be pre-empted by the national law once implemented; local governments will still be able to enact menu labelling regulations for establishments not covered by national law (eg food trucks or restaurants not part of a chain which have not self-certified to voluntarily comply with the calorie labelling requirements). The regulations also require vending machine operators of more than 20 vending machines to post calories for food where the on-pack label is not visible to consumers. Implementation for vending machine operators is required by 26 July 2018.<\/p>\n In 2008, New York City was the first jurisdiction to require calorie labelling in chain restaurants. The calorie labelling rule within the NYC Health Code was updated in 2015, with enforcement as of 22 May 2017. All covered food service establishments must now include two new nutrition statements on menus and menu boards (\u201c2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice, but calorie needs vary\u201d and \u201cAdditional nutritional information available upon request\u201d), have comprehensive nutrition information on-site and provide it to anyone who requests it, and provide calorie information for multiple-serving standard menu items, combination meals with choices, self-service food, food on display, menu items with a choice of toppings and temporary menu items. This rule affects any establishment that requires a Health Department permit and is part of a chain with \u226515 locations in the US. The updated rule also covers chain food retail establishments that offer restaurant-type food.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Krieger JW et al. (2013) Menu Labeling Regulations and Calories Purchased at Chain Restaurants<\/a>. American Journal of Preventive Medicine<\/em> 44(6), 595-604<\/p>\n Dumanovsky et al. (2011) Changes in energy content of lunchtime purchases from fast food restaurants after introduction of calorie labelling: cross sectional customer surveys<\/a>. BMJ<\/em> 343:d4464<\/p>\n Finkelstein et al. (2011) Mandatory Menu Labeling in One Fast-Food Chain in King County, Washington<\/a>. American Journal of Preventive Medicine<\/em> 40(2), 122-127<\/p>\n Elbel B et al. (2009) Calorie Labeling And Food Choices: A First Look At The Effects On Low-Income People In New York City<\/a>. Health Affairs<\/em> 28(6), 1110-1121<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1608","name":"Vending machines"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t In January 2016, the parliament of Latvia approved the Law on the handling of energy drinks, implemented on 1 June 2016. Retailers are required to display all energy drinks separately from other food items, and display a note at the point of sale stating \"High caffeine content. Not recommended for children and pregnant and breastfeeding women''. The Law also contains marketing restrictions (see \u201cR \u2013 Restrict food advertising and other commercial promotion\u201d).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1304","name":"Latvia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Warning labels on menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Following an amendment to Article 81 of the New York City Health Code (addition of section 81.49), chain restaurants are required to put a warning label on menus and menu boards, in the form of a salt-shaker symbol (salt shaker inside a triangle), when dishes contain 2,300mg of sodium or more. It came into effect on 1 December 2015 and applies to food service establishments with 15 or more locations nationwide. In addition, a warning statement is required to be posted conspicuously at the point of purchase: \u201cWarning: [salt shaker symbol] indicates that the sodium (salt) content of this item is higher than the total daily recommended limit (2300 mg). High sodium intake can increase blood pressure and risk of heart disease and stroke.\u201d <\/em>As of May 2017, nine out of ten NYC chain restaurants were in compliance.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1610","name":"Warning"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Warning labels on menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t Nutrition, Health and Related Claims Standard 1.2.7 (2013) introduces rules on the use of nutrition content claims (ie\u00a0levels of fat for a low-fat claim) in Australia and New Zealand. Although nutrition content claims need to meet certain criteria set out in the Standard, there are no generalised nutritional criteria that restrict their use on \"unhealthy\" food.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1246","name":"Australia"},{"countryId":"1265","name":"New Zealand"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" A 2012 Central American Technical Regulation (67.01.60:10) establishes rules on the use of specified nutrient content claims (ie\u00a0levels of fat for a low-fat claim). Claims are not permitted on products that may promote or sanction excessive consumption of these nutrients or undermine good dietary practice. Although nutrition content claims need to meet certain criteria set out in the Regulation, there are no generalised nutritional criteria that restrict their use on \"unhealthy\" food.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1251","name":"Costa Rica"},{"countryId":"1253","name":"El Salvador"},{"countryId":"1254","name":"Guatemala"},{"countryId":"1256","name":"Honduras"},{"countryId":"1266","name":"Nicaragua"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Regulation 1924\/2006 establishes EU-wide rules on the use of specified nutrient content and comparative claims (ie\u00a0levels of fat for a low-fat claim). As of January 2010, only nutrition claims as listed in the Regulation\u2019s annex are permitted. In theory, these nutrition claims may only be used on food\u00a0defined as \"healthy\" by a nutrient profile. This nutrient profiling restriction was due to be implemented in 2010 but no model has yet been established. Therefore, permitted nutrition claims can be used as long as the conditions for use of the claim as set out in the annex are met. Once nutrient profiles are established, nutrition claims may only be used on food products deemed \"healthy\", though two notable exceptions will apply: nutrition claims referring to the reduction of fat, saturated fats, trans fats, sugars and salt\/sodium will be allowed without reference to a profile for the specific nutrient, provided the claims comply with the conditions of the Regulation; and a nutrition claim may be used even if a single nutrient exceeds the nutrient profile as long as a statement in relation to this nutrient appears on the label in close proximity to, on the same side and with the same prominence, as the claim (the statement must read: 'High [name of nutrient] content'). This Regulation is also applicable in Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein as members of the European Economic Area; Switzerland amended its foodstuff law based on its bilateral agreements with the EU to include permitted EU nutrient claims.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1273","name":"EU"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The Indonesian Regulation HK.03.1.23.11.11.09909 (2011) on The Control of Claims on Processed Food Labelling and Advertisements\u00a0establishes rules on the use of specified nutrient content claims (ie\u00a0levels of fat for a low-fat claim). The Regulation applies to any food product or beverage that has been processed. Generally, any nutrition or health claim may only be used on processed food\u00a0or beverages if they do not exceed a certain level of fat and natrium per serving (13g total fat, 4g saturated fat, 60mg cholesterol and 480mg natrium). The Regulation sets out certain exceptions from this rule, detailed in its annexes, whereby products exceeding these limits may still contain certain nutrient or health claims (\"low in [name of nutrient]\" and \"free from [name of nutrient]\" claims; claims related to fibre, phytosterol and fitostanol; certain disease risk reduction claims).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1260","name":"Indonesia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The Malaysian Guide to Nutrition Labelling and Claims (as at December 2010) establishes rules on the use of nutrient content claims (ie\u00a0levels of fat for a low-fat claim) and nutrient comparative claims (eg\u00a0comparison between an\u00a0old and new product formulation). The Guide also contains a list of permitted nutrient function claims (ie\u00a0a claim about the physiological role of a nutrient), including the minimum required amount and additional conditions to be fulfilled (eg\u00a0the source of the nutrient). Disease risk reduction claims are prohibited. Although nutrition content claims need to meet certain criteria set out in the Guide, there are no generalised nutritional criteria that restrict their use on \"unhealthy\" food. Labelling legislation was overhauled in 2003 and all new legislation was incorporated into the existing Food Act of 1983 and Food Regulations of 1985. The Malaysian Guide to Nutrition Labelling and Claims (as at December 2010) contains the legislation as of 2003 as well as all amendments up to December 2010.<\/p>\n Regulation NOM-051-SCFI\/SSA1 (2010) sets rules for the use of nutrition content claims. It prohibits the use of false and misleading claims on labels, especially those that relate to dietary guidance, eating habits and nutritional properties of food. No disease risk reduction claims are allowed. Although nutrition content claims need to meet certain criteria set out in the Regulation, there are no generalised nutritional criteria that restrict their use on \"unhealthy\" food.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1278","name":"Malaysia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Section 15(1) of the Foodstuffs, Cosmetics, and Disinfectants Act (by means of regulation of 2010, effective from March 2012) defines the nutrient content claims permitted in South Africa and establishes rules for their use (eg\u00a0levels of fat permitted in a food product bearing a low fat claim). Nutrient content claims must be substantiated by nutritional information, and the use of terms such as \"health\", \"healthy\", \"wholesome\" or \"nutritious\"\u00a0is not allowed. Although nutrition content claims need to meet certain criteria set out in the regulation, there are no generalised nutritional criteria which restrict their use on \"unhealthy\" food.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1294","name":"South Africa"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The rules on the use of nutrient claims were established in July 2000 under Section 4 of the South Korean Food Sanitation Act (food labelling). The law regulates which claims are permitted, defines the conditions that must be met for the claim, and governs the language that may be used.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In the US, nutrient content claims are generally limited to an FDA-authorised list of nutrients (Food Labeling Guide 1994, as last revised in January 2013). Packages containing a nutrient content claim must include a disclosure statement if a serving of food contains more than 13g of fat, 4g of saturated fat, 60mg of cholesterol\u00a0or 480mg of sodium. Sugar and whole grain content are not considered.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on nutrient claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t The Australian Nutrition, Health and Related Claims Standard 1.2.7 (2013) includes rules for the use of general level (ie\u00a0nutrient function) and high level (ie\u00a0disease risk reduction) health claims on food labels and in advertisements. Industry were given until January 2016 to comply with the Standard. High level health claims must be pre-approved and listed. General level health claims can either be pre-approved and listed in the Standard or self-substantiated according to requirements of the Standard. Both types of health claims are only permitted on food that meet nutritional criteria, as defined by the nutrient profiling scoring criterion set out in the Standard.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1246","name":"Australia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1581","name":"Advertising"},{"countryId":"1628","name":"Nutrient profile model"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on health claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" A 2012 Central American Technical Regulation (67.01.60:10) permits and regulates the use of nutrient function and disease risk reduction claims. Claims must be substantiated through information demonstrating the nutritional composition of the food, and the relationship between the claimed function of the food product and the beneficial effect on diet and health. The Ministry of Health has responsibility to approve the use of claims on food\u00a0containing high levels of nutrients that can increase risk of illness or health problems. Claims are not permitted on products that may promote or sanction excessive consumption of these nutrients or undermine good dietary practice. There are no generalised nutritional criteria that restrict their use on \"unhealthy\" food.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1251","name":"Costa Rica"},{"countryId":"1253","name":"El Salvador"},{"countryId":"1254","name":"Guatemala"},{"countryId":"1256","name":"Honduras"},{"countryId":"1266","name":"Nicaragua"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on health claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" Regulation 1924\/2006 (applicable as of July 2007) establishes EU-wide rules on the use of health claims (claims on nutrient function, disease risk reduction and children\u2019s health). Companies may only use health claims that are substantiated and authorised by the European Commission and Member States (various regulations authorising health claims to date). The European Food Safety Authority is responsible for verifying the scientific substantiation of claims; it has done so for claims currently in use and continues to do so for claims that are proposed and applied for by companies that want to use health claims in the EU. In theory, health claims may only be used on food\u00a0defined as \"healthy\" by a nutrient profile. This nutrient profiling restriction was due to be implemented in 2010 but no model has yet been established. Therefore, permitted health claims can be used as long as the conditions for use of the claim as set out in the respective regulations are met. Once nutrient profiles are established, health claims may only be used on food products deemed \"healthy\". This Regulation is also applicable in Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein as members of the European Economic Area.\u00a0Switzerland amended its foodstuff law based on its bilateral agreements with the EU to include permitted EU health claims.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1273","name":"EU"},{"countryId":"1274","name":"Iceland"},{"countryId":"1275","name":"Liechtenstein"},{"countryId":"1276","name":"Norway"},{"countryId":"1277","name":"Switzerland"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1628","name":"Nutrient profile model"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on health claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The Indonesian Regulation HK.03.1.23.11.11.09909 (2011) on The Control of Claims on Processed Food Labelling and Advertisements\u00a0permits a limited number of listed nutrient function and disease risk reduction claims. The Regulation applies to any food product or beverage that has been processed. Generally, any nutrition or health claim may only be used on processed food\u00a0or beverages if they do not exceed a certain level of fat and natrium per serving (13g total fat, 4g saturated fat, 60mg cholesterol and 480mg natrium). The Regulation sets out certain exceptions from this rule, detailed in its annexes, whereby products exceeding these limits may still contain certain nutrient or health claims (\"low in [name of nutrient]\" and \"free from [name of nutrient]\" claims; claims related to fibre, phytosterol and fitostanol; certain disease risk reduction claims).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1260","name":"Indonesia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on health claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" In April 2015, Japan\u2019s Consumer Affairs Agency (CAA), the governmental organisation charged with oversight of food labelling and health claims, introduced a new category of health claim labelling for food called \u201cFood with Functional Claims\u201d (FFC). The other two categories are \u201cFood for Specialized Health Uses\u201d (FOSHU) and \u201cFood with Nutrient Functional Claims\u201d (FNFC), introduced in 1991 and 2001 respectively. Food with Functional Claims (FFC) allows companies to display a product\u2019s specific health benefit (aka \u201cfunctionality\u201d) and an associated area of the human body on retail food packaging. The FFC registration process is more affordable and faster than the registration process for Food for Specialized Health Uses (FOSHU), which requires clinical trials of a product and individual approval from the CAA. Guidelines exist for FFC labelling contents. FFC claims cannot be made for foods that lead to an excessive intake of fat, cholesterol, sugar and\/or sodium. The CAA also revised its regulations for Food with Nutrient Functional Claims (FNFC) in April 2015 to increase product eligibility, expand the list of eligible nutrients, and to include fresh foods.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1262","name":"Japan"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on health claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The rules for the use of health claims are set out in the South Korean Health Functional Food Code, based on Article 17 of Section 3 (Standards, Specifications, Labelling and Advertisements) of the Health Functional Food Act 2004 (which has been amended several times). The Act allows for claims to be expressed in both words and diagrams. The Code lists the wording for allowed claims, sets out standards for manufacturing to be observed for each nutrient, and how much the actual nutrient content of the product may deviate from the labelled content (in percentage, ie\u00a0beta-carotene must be within 80\u2013150% of the labelled amount). The Code includes the recommended daily intake amount, generally expressed as a range between the minimum to maximum amount. If intake of a nutrient may cause negative health effects, a warning label has to be applied.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1610","name":"Warning"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on health claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":" The use of disease risk reduction claims is permitted in the US. They are governed by specific rules in the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (1990) and the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act (1997). There are three categories of claims permitted:<\/p>\n Health claims are generally not permitted if a food contains more than 13g of fat, 4g of saturated fat, 60mg of cholesterol, or 480mg of sodium. Sugar and whole grain content are not considered.<\/p>\n Companies may make nutrient function claims without notifying FDA, but such claims must be truthful and not misleading. Dietary guidance statements (eg, \"Doctors recommend 3 servings of whole grains per day\") are also permitted without FDA pre-approval but must be truthful and not misleading.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1590","name":"Nutrient claims"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Rules on health claims","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t We know from the evidence that making fruit\u00a0and vegetables available in schools increases consumption. There is also evidence that food standards to restrict availability have the effect of reducing consumption of the restricted food.<\/p>\n For these actions to be effective for all children, they need to be sustained over time and accompanied by complementary behaviour change communication techniques, such as \"modelling\", school gardens, and communication to all stakeholders involved in the provision and consumption of school food. Worksites and healthcare also present strong potential for improved eating among adults.<\/p>\n Download the table<\/a><\/p>\n","policyActionsHeading":"Examples of policy actions","policyActions":[{"heading":"Fruit & vegetable initiatives in schools","overview":null,"implementationsHeading":"What the action involves and where implemented","implementations":[{"overview":" Crunch&Sip\u00ae is a vegetable and fruit programme in Australia promoting the consumption of fruit, vegetables and water during class time (\"Crunch&Sip time\"). It involves students bringing in fruit, vegetables and water from home. It was launched in 2005 in Western Australia, and is currently funded by Healthway (a government agency that funds activities related to the promotion of good health, with a particular focus on young people) as part of the Australian government\u2019s Go for 2&5\u00ae fruit and vegetable campaign, and coordinated by the Cancer Council Western Australia. It has since been extended to New South Wales (through the Healthy Kids Association) and South Australia (through the South Australian Dental Service). Funding is currently provided by each of the state governments. Schools participating in Crunch&Sip\u00ae are required to ensure that at least 80% of classes and 70% of students participate in the daily fruit and vegetable break. Schools need to endorse a supportive school policy and are encouraged to implement a parent communication strategy and develop curriculum material.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Nathan N, Wolfenden L, Butler M et al. (2011) Vegetable and fruit breaks in Australian primary schools: prevalence, attitudes, barriers and implementation strategies<\/a>. Health Education Research<\/em> 26, 722-731<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1246","name":"Australia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1583","name":"Curriculum"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Fruit & veg in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" School fruit and vegetable programmes operate at the province level in British Columbia, Manitoba and Northern Ontario:<\/p>\n \u2212 British Columbia\u2019s School Fruit & Vegetable Nutritional Program, launched in 2005 and administered by the British Columbia Agriculture in the Classroom Foundation, provides fresh local fruit\u00a0or vegetable snacks to schools every other week, 13 times in the school year. In 2013, the programme expanded to deliver milk to students in kindergarten to grade two. It is administered by the British Columbia Agriculture in the Classroom Foundation, and funded by the British Columbia Ministry of Health in partnership with the Ministries of Agriculture and Education.<\/p>\n \u2212 Ontario\u2019s Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care launched the Northern Fruit and Vegetable Program (NFVP) in Northern Ontario in 2006, in cooperation with the Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers\u2019 Association and the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. Elementary and intermediate school-aged children receive fruit and vegetable snacks at no cost, in combination with healthy eating and physical activity education, twice per week from January to June. NFVP is currently delivered in three regions of Northern Ontario, in partnership with the local health units, school boards, and elementary and intermediate schools.<\/p>\n \u2212 Manitoba\u2019s Vegetable & Fruit Snack Program, launched in 2008, is funded by the Province of Manitoba and the Public Health Agency of Canada; the number of times pupils receive fruit and vegetable snacks per week depends on each school\u2019s way of implementation.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1247","name":"Canada"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1583","name":"Curriculum"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Fruit & veg in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The EU School Fruit Scheme, launched in the 2009-2010 school year, merged with the EU School Milk Scheme on 1 August 2017 into one legal framework based on the Regulation on the new School Fruit, Vegetables and Milk Scheme (Regulation EU No 2016\/791). The scheme is funded through the EU\u2019s common agricultural policy and supports the distribution of fruit, vegetables and milk and milk products to schools across the EU as part of a wider programme of education about European agriculture and the benefits of healthy eating. It provides financing to Member States based on the number of school children and level of development of the country. The implementation of the programmes is at the discretion of national or regional governments, but to receive funding, they must distribute fruit, vegetables and milk products in schools and implement educational measures, such as farm and market visits, educational material distributed to teachers and interactive games on education and nutrition, and regularly monitor and evaluate implementation. Foods containing added sugars, salt, fat, sweeteners or artificial flavor enhances are exempt from the scheme: as an exception, limited quantities of added sugar, salt and fat are allowed if they are approved by the Member States' health\/nutrition authorities. The Member States determine the frequency and duration of the distribution of the food.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> European Court of Auditors. Are the school milk and school fruit schemes effective?<\/a> Special Report No. 10. Luxemburg, 2011<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1273","name":"EU"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Fruit & veg in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2007, the Norwegian government introduced legislation requiring schools to offer one free piece of fruit or vegetables, five\u00a0days a week to pupils in grades 1\u201310. This was repealed in autumn 2014. In its place, a subsidised programme that requires parents to subscribe has been expanded to all primary schools.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> The School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme has operated in England since 2004. Children aged four to six who attend a fully state-funded infant, primary or special school are entitled to receive a free piece of fruit or vegetable each school day.<\/p>\n In Scotland, the Free Fruit in Schools initiative provides one portion of fruit three times a week during term time to all Key Stage 1 and 2 pupils (primary school). It is implemented at the discretion of local authorities.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Wells L, Nelson M (2005) The National School Fruit Scheme produces short-term but not longer-term increases in fruit consumption in primary school children<\/a>. British Journal of Nutrition<\/em> 93(4), 537-542<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1292","name":"UK"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Fruit & veg in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program, piloted in the US from 2002 onwards and implemeted nationwide in 2008 (based on the 2008 Farm Bill), makes funds available to elementary schools with at least 50% of students eligible for free or reduced price meals. Participating schools receive $50\u2013$75 per child per year and are free to decide what fruit and vegetables to purchase.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Bartlett S et al. (2013) Evaluation of the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP): Final Evaluation Report<\/a>. US Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Alexandria, VA<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Fruit & veg in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t There are no national mandatory standards in Australia (see below for details of national voluntary guidelines). However, six states and territories have implemented mandatory standards, which are either based on the national voluntary guidelines or nutrient and food criteria defined by the state: Australian Capital Territory (2015), New South Wales (2011), Northern Territory (2009), Queensland (2007), South Australia (2008), and Western Australia (2014). All of these states and territories identify \"red category\" food, which is either completely banned in schools or heavily restricted (eg\u00a0offered no more than one or two times per term).\u00a0The ACT Public School Food and Drink Policy is mandatory for government primary and secondary schools, but not for independent or catholic schools.<\/p>\n Queensland\u2019s Smart Choices\u00a0school nutrition standards separate food\u00a0and drinks into green, amber and red categories based on their energy, saturated fat, sugar, sodium and fibre content. Smart Choices ensures that \u201cred\u201d food\u00a0and drinks are eliminated across the whole school environment.<\/p>\n In February 2014, the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) announced the phasing out of sugary drinks for sale in school canteens by the end of 2014. The 2015 ACT School Food and Drink Policy prohibits the sale of sugary drinks in ACT public school canteens. ACT is working to ensure water is the easiest choice available, including the installation of two water refill stations in each public school.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1246","name":"Australia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1605","name":"Traffic light"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The Ministry of Health of Bahrain has developed a mandatory list of permitted, prohibited and conditionally allowed food\u00a0for public elementary and secondary schools. According to the 2016\u201317 Food Canteen List, only unsweetened 100% fruit juice, water, milk and milk drinks are permitted; fruit drinks and nectar, soft and energy drinks are prohibited. Permitted food\u00a0includes fresh fruit\u00a0and vegetables, while conditionally allowed food products have to comply with criteria such as not using trans fat, using low-fat cheese instead of cream cheese for sandwiches and limiting portion size. Banned food\u00a0includes processed meat, potato chips, mayonnaise, puff pastries, sweets and candies (but not chocolate which is a conditionally allowed food).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1356","name":"Bahrain"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 1997, Bermuda implemented the mandatory Healthy Schools Nutrition Policy which contains school food standards including the provision of fruit\u00a0and vegetables in food service\/cafeteria menus and all school events that provide food, limits on the use of food\u00a0high in salt and sugar, provision of low-fat dairy products, leaner meats, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, the use of lower-fat cooking methods, the consumption of whole fruit\u00a0and vegetables as preferable to the sole consumption of fruit and vegetable juices and school lunches are required to be consistent with the recommendations of Bermuda\u2019s Daily Dietary Guidelines EatWell Plate.<\/p>\n The Food Service Providers Contract, implemented in 2009 to strengthen the compliance of cafeteria, hot lunch and breakfast vendors in schools, mandates that food\u00a0provided in schools must be consistent with the Healthy School Nutrition Policy. To monitor compliance, a form exists in which anyone at any school can rate various aspects of a meal provided by a food service provider (eg\u00a0appropriateness of portion sizes, inclusion of four\u00a0of five food groups, etc).<\/p>\n The Ministry of Education also has a policy in which only fruit, yoghurt, cheese, crackers and vegetables can be eaten at morning recess.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1295","name":"Bermuda"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1595","name":"Portion size"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Resolution No\u00a038 (16 July 2009) promulgated by the Brazilian Ministry of Education sets food- and nutrition-based standards for the food\u00a0available in the national school meal programme (Law 11.947\/2009 \u2013 Regulamento del Programa Nacional de Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o Escolar). Article 17 prohibits drinks of low nutritional value (eg\u00a0soda), canned meats, confectionary, and processed food\u00a0with a sodium and\/or saturated fat content higher than a specified threshold.<\/p>\n School \u201ccanteens\u201d \u2013 kiosks and stores where food\u00a0can be purchased for takeaway inside public schools \u2013 are covered by voluntary guidelines (see O \u2013 \"Voluntary guidelines for food availabe in schools\u201d).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1281","name":"Brazil"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In Bulgaria, the reduction of salt, fat and sugar content in food served in all canteens in schools, kindergartens and childcare centres was mandated by ordinances in 2009, 2011, and 2013 respectively. In addition, there are restrictions in place for certain unhealthful food\u00a0and drinks in vending machines. The corresponding recipe books used by school caterers for school children and children aged 0\u20133 years were updated in 2012 and 2013, respectively, to reflect the ordinances\u2019 requirements. The recipe book for kindergarten pupils is under revision. Compliance with the ordinances is monitored by the Regional Health Inspectorates who may fine offenders.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1296","name":"Bulgaria"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1608","name":"Vending machines"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2012, the Chilean government approved a Law of Nutritional Composition of Food and Advertising (Ley 20.606). In June 2015, the Chilean authority approved the regulatory norms required for the law\u2019s implementation (Diario Oficial No 41.193), which came into effect on 27 June 2016. The regulatory norms define limits for calories, saturated fat, sugar and sodium content considered \u201chigh\u201d in food\u00a0and beverages. The law prohibits the sale of these \"high in\" food items and beverages\u00a0in schools\u00a0(see \u201cN \u2013 Nutrition label standards and regulations on the use of claims and implied claims on food\u201d\u00a0and \u201cR \u2013 Restrict food advertising and other forms of commercial promotion\u201d for the regulatory norms on\u00a0labelling regulations and\u00a0marketing restrictions to children).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1248","name":"Chile"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Executive Decree No. 36910-MEP-S (2012) of the Costa Rican Ministries of Health and Education sets restrictions on products sold to students in elementary and high schools, including food\u00a0with high levels of fats, sugars and salt such as chips, cookies, candy and carbonated sodas. Schools are only permitted to sell food\u00a0and beverages that meet specific nutritional criteria. The restrictions were upheld by the Constitutional Court in 2012 following a challenge by the Costa Rican Food Industry Association.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1251","name":"Costa Rica"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In October 2014, the Ministries of Public Health and Education in Ecuador implemented a regulation for school bars within the national education system (Reglamento de bares escalares del system nacional de educacion - Ministerial Agreement 5, Official Record 232). The regulation establishes mandatory nutrition requirements for food and drinks prepared and sold in school bars and cafeterias. Food and drinks must be natural, fresh, nutritious and healthy and it is prohibited to sell or advertise 1) processed foods and drinks with high concentrations of fats, sugars and salt (specified within regulation) 2) food and drinks containing caffeine and\/or non-caloric sweeteners 3) energy drinks 4) processed drinks with less than 50% natural food.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1252","name":"Ecuador"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"},{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2008, the Estonian Ministry of Social Affairs adopted updated regulations on nutrition requirements applicable to food served in school and pre-school canteens. These requirements contain upper limits for salt, sugar and fat content, and restrict (deep) fried products, sweet treats and soft drinks.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1297","name":"Estonia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The Ministry of Education\u2019s Food and Nutrition Policy requires all school canteen operators to comply with Fiji\u2019s School Canteen Guidelines, developed by the National Food and Nutrition Centre in 2005 and revised in 2013. The guidelines outline how to prepare and provide healthy \u201ceveryday\u201d food\u00a0with recipes and nutrition guidelines. They are enforced by the Ministry of Education.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1298","name":"Fiji"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2017, the Finnish National Nutrition Council updated their nutrition recommendations for school meals replacing the recommendations from 2008. The updated recommendations are based on Health from food \u2013 Finnish nutrition guidelines (2014) and Eating together \u2013 food recommendations for families with children (2016). The recommendations provide a basic plate model for individual energy expenditure. Food and nutrient recommendations for salt, fibre, fat, starch, and fat content are outlined for all of the components of the basic plate model. The recommendations state that drinks available at school meals should include fat-free milk\/milk drinks and buttermilk, fortified with vitamin D. Other liquid dairy products and fermented milk products should be fat-free or low-fat products with a maximum fat content of 1%. Cheese products with a fat content of at most 17% and a maximum salt content of 1.2% should be selected. Fresh water should be available as the primary beverage at meals and must be available as the primary beverage to everybody during the whole school day. No soft drinks, energy drinks or any other acidified beverages or beverages with added sugar are served at school.<\/p>\n The Finnish Act on Early Childhood Education and Care, Section 2b (8.5.2015\/580), Section 6 (8.5.2015\/280) and Basic Education Act, Section 31(13.6.2003\/477) outline that school-age children shall be provided with healthy and necessary nutrition that fulfills their nutritional needs and provided a meal free of charge on every school day. Children at kindergarten\/childcare are entitled to a meal each day and low-income populations are provided with a free meal.<\/p>\n In 2009, legislation required products entitled to EU subsidies under the School Milk Scheme to meet nutritional criteria, including maximum levels of salt content. The criteria are set jointly by the Finnish National Nutrition Council and KELA, the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. In August 2017, the legislation was amended so that only fat-free milk and fat-free sour cream are subsidised, and cheese was removed from the subsidy.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1286","name":"Finland"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Decree No. 2011-1227 of 30 September 2011\u00a0(arising from Law No. 2010-874 of 27 July 2010 on the modernisation of agriculture and fisheries)\u00a0regulates the nutritional quality of school meals in France, including the diversity and composition of meals, provision of water, portion sizes and restrictions on salt and sauces outside of prepared dishes. School canteen managers are required to keep record of menus for the previous three months at all times, including detailed information on food purchased from suppliers, and are required to identify clearly on menus\u00a0seasonal ingredients in the composition of the meal. This follows from Interministerial Circular No. 2001-118 of 25 June 2001 which made recommendations on consuming a balanced diet in schools.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1299","name":"France"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1595","name":"Portion size"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Two German states have enshrined the\u00a0voluntary guidelines on quality standards for school meals by the German Nutrition Society (DGE) in law: Berlin implemented the Law for quality improvements of school lunch meals\u00a0in 2014 in all-day primary schools. The Law sets the DGE quality standards as a minimum requirement which schools have to adhere to, in addition to setting up a lunch meal committee that regularly conducts quality controls and supports the selection of appropriate food suppliers.<\/p>\n The state of Saarland requires all-day primary and secondary schools to provide school meals that are in line with DGE quality standards (Article 8 of the Regulation of all-day primary and secondary schools).<\/p>\n The DGE guidelines recommend that schools provide water and unsweetened herbal or fruit teas, and prohibit drinks that are high in sugar including juices and energy drinks. The guidelines contain a 20-day plan suggesting serving whole grains on at least four days and potato products a maximum of four days; salad, vegetables or legumes each day; fruit at least eight times; dairy products (ideally low-fat) at least eight times; fish at least four times and meat a\u00a0maximum of eight times; rapeseed oil is the only permitted oil.\u00a0<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1339","name":"Germany"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Since 2012, food\u00a0and beverages subject to the public health product tax (see \u201cU \u2013 Use economic tools to address food affordability and purchase incentives\u201d for details on the tax) may not be sold on school premises or at events organised for school children, including out-of-school events based on the Ministerial Decree 20\/2012 (VIII. 31.) on the Operation of Public Education Institutions and the Use of Names of Public Education Institutions. Section 130(2) of the Decree requires the head of the educational institution to consult the school health service prior to entering into agreements with vending machine operators or food vending businesses. The school health service verifies whether the products to be sold meet the nutritional guidelines set by the National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition. Products that do not comply with the guidelines\u2019 \u201chealthy eating\u201d requirements or that have a negative impact on the students\u2019 attention or behaviour, such as those containing artificial colours found in sugary snacks and drinks, are prohibited.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1300","name":"Hungary"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1608","name":"Vending machines"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2008, the Iranian Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health developed the guideline for healthy diet and school buffets. In 2013, the nutrition part of the guideline was updated. The guideline contains a list of healthy and unhealthy food, established by an expert committee based on their content of sugar, salt, fat, and harmful additives. It also includes guidance on proper food preparation and catering as well as maintenance of the physical environment in which food is prepared (kitchen, storage).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1301","name":"Iran"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2017, the Israeli Government implemented the Lunch-Program-Healthy Nutrition Regulation for food provided to children attending after school programmes. Foods that can be provided include fruits and vegetables, whole wheat products, lentils, low-fat poultry and fish, and cooked food with no added salt, sugar and fat. Foods with added sugar, beverages sweetened with both sugar and artificial sweeteners and foods that display a red label, cannot be provided. In August 2018, the Israeli Government passed the Healthy School Kiosk regulation that extends these guidelines to stipulate what foods must be offered in schools including all the above and also milk products.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1261","name":"Israel"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Updated May 2019:<\/span> In November 2018, the Ministry of Health published mandatory nutrient guidelines for beverages sold\/served within all public educational institutions for children (i.e. early childhood, primary level and secondary level). The guidelines prohibit sweetened beverages that exceed a maximum sugar concentration of: 6g\/100ml ( effective 1 January 2019); 5g\/100ml (effective 1 January 2020); 4g\/100ml (effective 1 January 2021); and 2.5g\/100ml (effective 1 January 2023). Prohibited beverages include soft drinks, sports drinks, energy drinks, sweetened waters, coffee and tea beverages if they are above the stipulated limits. All unsweetened beverages are permitted, such as plain or unsweetened flavoured\/infused water, 100% juices, 100% coconut water, plain milk or unsweetened milk products, plain milk substitutes and unsweetened milk substitute products. The guidelines also caution against beverages containing >10mg\/serve of caffeine, discourage the use of artificial sweeteners and recommend beverage portions sold\/served of <12 ounces (not including water).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1386","name":"Jamaica"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1584","name":"Dietary guidelines"},{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"},{"countryId":"1595","name":"Portion size"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":"New"},{"overview":" The Jordanian Ministry of Health has\u00a0set food standards regulating which food\u00a0may be sold to students in school canteens as part of the National School Health Strategy (2013\u201317), which was prepared in coordination with a multi-sectorial committee and approved in 2012.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1302","name":"Jordan"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1629","name":"Multi-sector"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The Ministries of Health and Education of Kuwait introduced a ban of fizzy drinks, crisps and chocolates on school premises to reduce the intake of fat and sugar by pupils, and to increase their milk consumption; they also introduced fruit\u00a0and vegetables in the breakfasts offered by tuck shops in schools. The ban is monitored by the Ministry of Education but compliance is not reported to be high.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1303","name":"Kuwait"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2006, the Latvian government implemented legislation that prohibited the sale\/availability of soft drinks, drinks with added colours, sweeteners, preservatives and caffeine on all school premises.<\/p>\n In 2012, the government set salt levels for all food\u00a0served in educational institutions. Levels may not exceed 1.25g of salt per 100g of food product; fish products may contain up to 1.5g of salt per 100g of product. The standards also apply in hospitals and long-term social care institutions (see below).<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1304","name":"Latvia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In November 2011, the Lithuanian Ministry of Health approved Order V-964, which set catering standards for pre-schools, secondary schools and children\u2019s social care institutions. Food and nutrient-based standards exist for lunches (eg\u00a0obligatory vegetable and fruit offering, \u201coil-boiled\u201d foodstuffs, sweets and savoury pastry are prohibited), drinking water must be provided and soft drinks are prohibited.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1305","name":"Lithuania"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In September 2014, the Macedonian Ministry of Education\u2019s Rulebook on nutrition standards and meals in primary schools was implemented, setting limits on permissible salt, sugar and fat levels of food served in primary schools. Kindergartens and holiday camps are subject to the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy\u2019s Rulebook on standards and norms for services provided by institutions caring for children, implemented in January 2014. It contains intake requirements on calories, carbohydrates, protein, fats, vitamins and minerals based on WHO recommendations. The nutrition standards for kindergartens are widely implemented. The implementation of the elementary school nutrition standards is reported to move at a slower pace, mostly because elementary schools use external catering services which take longer to adjust to the nutrient limits.<\/p>\n In September 2016, the Macedonian Ministry of Education implemented the\u00a0Rulebook on nutrition standards and meals for the students living in student dormitories.<\/em>\u00a0The nutrition standards, based on population-based nutrition guidelines of the Ministry of Health and Institute of Public Health, outline specific nutrient levels (for calories, carbohydrates, protein, fats, sugars, vitamins, minerals) which apply to meals served in all university student dormitories in both public and private dormitories in Macedonia. The nutrition standards include recommended food\u00a0and dishes for individual meals and recommended frequency of certain food categories.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1340","name":"Macedonia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The Guide for Healthy School Canteen Management (2012), developed by the Ministry of Education and mandatory for public schools, categorises food items into those which may be sold, those which are not encouraged to be sold and those whose sale is prohibited in school canteens. Prohibited food includes sweets, preserved food, extruded snacks containing artificial flavours and colourings (which are snacks mainly based on corn flour or a combination of flours undergoing extrusion and then coating with a combination of vegetable oil and seasoning), and food and beverages containing alcohol. The list of prohibited food is under review (2016), in particular with respect to carbonated drinks.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1278","name":"Malaysia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2009, a regulation was passed in Mauritius banning soft drinks, including diet soft drinks, and unhealthy snacks from canteens of pre-elementary, elementary and secondary schools.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1306","name":"Mauritius"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In August 2010, the Mexican Ministries\u00a0of Education and Health issued a set of mandatory food and beverage guidelines for elementary schools for roll-out in 2011\u201314. They were developed under the framework of the National Agreement for Healthy Nutrition. The guidelines promote the daily intake in schools of healthy food, such as fruit, vegetables\u00a0and water; ban sodas; limit the availability of other soft drinks, whole milk, salty and sweet snacks, and desserts that comply with nutritional criteria to a maximum of two days per week; and prohibit completely products that do not comply with the nutritional criteria. The guidelines were updated in 2014. The revised guidelines extend the standards to secondary schools, include recommendations for food\u00a0brought into schools from home, and increase the stringency of some of the nutrient criteria.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1264","name":"Mexico"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In March 2015, Health Directive No\u00a0063 Promotion of Healthy Kiosks and School Canteens\u00a0was adopted in Peru. The Health Directive establishes recommendations for food provided in school kiosks and canteens, including the amount of energy to be supplied in lunches. School kiosks and canteens are evaluated twice a year at the regional level using a scorecard provided within the Health Directive. School kiosks and canteens that meet the indicators of the evaluation are graded as healthy and given a green pennant.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1307","name":"Peru"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In 2014, the Ministry of Health amended the Polish Act on Food and Nutrition Safety from 2006 (Journal of Laws, item 1225; amended by Act of 28 November 2014 amending the Act on Food and Nutrition Safety, Journal of Laws, item 1256) to\u00a0include\u00a0rules for sale, advertising and promotion of food\u00a0(based on a list of food categories) and nutrition standards for canteens in pre-schools, primary and secondary schools. It outlines nutrition standards for food\u00a0and beverages intended for sale: \u22640.12g sodium\/100g\/ml of product, \u226410g sugar\/100g\/ml (except breakfast cereals \u226415g sugar\/100g), and \u226410g fat\/100g of product. The regulation also includes food category-specific restrictions. The amendments came into effect on 1 September 2015.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1290","name":"Poland"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Legislation introduced in Romania in 2008 sets maximum amounts for sugar, fat and salt in food\u00a0sold in schools and pre-schools (Ministerial Order 1563\/2008); the maximum levels amount to 15g sugar, 20g fat and 1.5g salt or 0.6g sodium per 100g of a food product. Soft drinks are prohibited and drinking water must be accessible.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1308","name":"Romania"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" All school meals must follow dietary guidelines as set out by Slovenia\u2019s Law on School Nutrition (2010, amended in 2013). The Act is complemented by dietary guidelines (including a list of food\u00a0that is not recommended), recipe books, cross-curriculum nutrition education and food procurement standards available to all schools.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> In South Korea, the sale of sugary drinks within school premises, along with other energy-dense and nutrient poor foods is prohibited. Originally enacted as an action of a Special Presidential Committee in 2007, it is now enforced by the Special Act on the Safety Management of Children\u2019s Dietary Life.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The Swedish Education Act came into force 1 July 2011 requiring school meals to be nutritious and free of charge.<\/p>\n The National Food Agency was commissioned to work with the Swedish National Agency of Education by the Ministry of Education and Research to develop school food guidelines. The Good School Meals guidelines, published in 2007 and revised in 2013, are for primary schools, secondary schools and youth recreation centres. The guidelines include age-specific reference values for energy and nutritional content in school lunches and portion sizes, and drinks are limited to water and milk. Ice cream, pastries and sweets are not provided by the school. The quality of school meals is monitored and assessed by an online tool (SkolmatSverige), and used by over three-quarters of schools in Sweden.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1285","name":"Sweden"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1595","name":"Portion size"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" In May 2017, the Trinidad and Tobago Ministry of Health introduced a ban on the sale or serving of sugar-sweetened drinks at all government and government-assisted schools. Banned sweetened drinks include soft drinks, juice drinks, flavoured water, sports\/energy drinks, tea and coffee, and milk-based drinks with added sugars and artificial sweeteners. Only water, 100% juice, low-fat milk and blended vegetable or fruit drinks can be sold at schools. The changes were introduced in a phased approach and all cafeterias and canteens needed to be in full compliance by September 2017.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1557","name":"Trinidad & Tobago"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The School Canteen Guidelines for the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (2011\u201312) are set and revised by a joint committee of representatives from the Abu Dhabi Education Council, the Abu Dhabi Health Authority and the Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority. The guidelines set out the requirements vendors must meet to obtain a licence to operate in public and private school canteens. Parents may provide their children with their own packed meals as long as they are in line with the canteen guidelines. The guidelines include calorie requirements for each grade, sample menus, a list of permissible and banned food\u00a0by category, and nutrient-based standards (eg\u00a0limits on total fat and sugar content; minimum amounts of macro and micro nutrients). The standards restrict the serving of many energy-dense food, soft drinks and fruit punch, as well as trans fats, mono-sodium glutamate (MSG), preservatives, colours and artificial flavours, caffeine and hot and spicy sauces.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1310","name":"UAE"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales have mandatory nutritional standards for all food served in schools, including breakfasts, snacks, lunches\u00a0and tuck shops. These standards apply to all state schools and restrict food\u00a0high in fat, salt and sugar, as well as low-quality reformed or reconstituted food. The standards are as follows:<\/p>\n \u2212 England: School Food Regulations 2014 (No. 1603), applicable to school lunches and food provided to students on school premises, came into force 1 January 2015 replacing the School Food Standards of 2007.<\/p>\n \u2212 Scotland: Nutritional Requirements for Food and Drink in Schools Regulations 2008, applicable to any food served in schools were introduced in primary schools in August 2008 and in secondary schools in August 2009.<\/p>\n \u2212 Northern Ireland: Nutritional Standards for School Lunches 2007, and Nutritional Standards for Other Food and Drinks in Schools 2008.<\/p>\n \u2212 Wales: Healthy Eating in Schools (Nutritional Standards and Requirements) Regulations 2013 (No. 1984 (W.194)<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Adamson A et al. (2013) School food standards in the UK: implementation and evaluation<\/a>. Public Health Nutrition<\/em> 16(6), 968-981<\/p>\n Spence S et al. (2013)\u00a0The Impact of Food and Nutrient-Based Standards on Primary School Children\u2019s Lunch and Total Dietary Intake: A Natural Experimental Evaluation of Government Policy in England<\/a>.\u00a0PLOS ONE<\/em>\u00a08(10):\u00a0e78298<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1292","name":"UK"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" The US Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA) of 2010 sets nutrition standards in the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs which were implemented in July 2014 based on an interim final rule published in June 2013. A final rule on nutrition standards for all food sold in schools as required by the HHFKA was published in July 2016, introducing minor changes based on comments received on the interim final rule. The standards for total fat are retained as \u201cinterim\u201d in the final rule and may be amended in the future. The Act also establishes guidelines for \"competitive food\" in the Smart Snacks in School Program. Standards include limits on the amount of fat, saturated fat, salt and added sugars permitted in food. Beverages are also restricted to water, low-fat or non-fat milk. Calorie-free carbonated beverages are permitted in high schools.<\/p>\n There are also many state-level rules in place. Some states, including California and Colorado, have restrictions specific to trans fats. For example, in 2008, California adopted Senate Bill No. 1498 which prohibited, as of 1 July 2009, elementary, middle and high schools from making artificial trans fats available through vending machines or school food service establishments during school hours and up to 1\/2 hour before and after school hours. In Colorado, Senate Bill 12-086<\/a> (2012) prohibits a public school or institute charter school from making available to a student a food item that contains any amount of industrially produced trans fat.<\/p>\n States also have a range of different rules on \"\u00e0 la carte lines\" (ie food options that supplement the school lunch programme choices and stores inside schools). For example, Arizona, Rhode Island and Florida have bans on \"\u00e0 la carte lines\" in elementary schools. 17 other states have strict restrictions (eg specific lists of restricted food or nutritional criteria) that apply at \"\u00e0 la carte lines\" in elementary schools. 15 states have strict restrictions on food available at \"\u00e0 la carte lines\" in middle schools, while 11 states apply strict restrictions at high school level.<\/p>\n Arizona, District of Colombia, Florida and Texas have complete bans on school stores in elementary schools, and 13 states have strict restrictions on the food available in stores in elementary schools. 11 states have strict restrictions on the food available in school stores in middle schools, while eight states apply restrictions at high school level.<\/p>\n For more details see State Laws for School Snack Foods and Beverages<\/a>.<\/p>\n Evaluations<\/strong> Minaya S, Rainville AJ (2016) How Nutritious Are Children\u2019s Packed School Lunches? A Comparison of Lunches Brought From Home and School Lunches<\/a>. Journal of Child Nutrition and Management <\/em>40(2)<\/p>\n Added May 2019:<\/span> Ickovics JR et al (2019). Implementing school-based policies to prevent obesity: cluster randomized trial<\/a>. American Journal of Preventive Medicine<\/em> 56(1), e1-e11xx<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1608","name":"Vending machines"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":"New"},{"overview":" In September 2013, the government of Uruguay adopted Law No. 19.140 on healthy eating in schools. It mandated the Ministry of Health to develop standards for food available in canteens and kiosks in schools, prohibited advertising for these same food items, and restricted the availability of salt shakers. The school food standards were elaborated in March 2014 in two further documents: Regulatory Decree 60\/014 and the National Plan of Health Promoting Schools.\u00a0The standards aimed to promote food\u00a0with \u201cnatural nutritional value\u201d with a \u201cminimum degree of processing\" and to limit the intake of free sugars, saturated fat, trans fat and sodium. Limits are set per 100g of food, 100ml of drink and also per 50g portion. Prohibited food includes sugary beverages and energy drinks, confectionery, salty snacks, cakes and chocolate. The school food standards and restrictions on advertising began to be implemented in public schools in 2015 and are being monitored for compliance.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1283","name":"Uruguay"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1586","name":"Energy drinks"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1606","name":"Trans fats"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":" Vanuatu\u2019s Sweet Drink Policy, introduced in October 2014 as part of the Vanuatu Health Promoting School Program and in the context of regulation order No. 44 of 2005 on health and safety requirements in schools, came into effect on the first day of Term 1, 2015. The policy bans the sale, consumption and advertising of sugary drinks and instead promotes water, plain milk and fresh coconut water.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1311","name":"Vanuatu"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t In 2010, the South Korean Special Act on the Safety Management of Children\u2019s Dietary Life incorporated provisions to improve the nutritional quality of school meals and sets nutrition and food-based standards for other food on sale in schools. Additionally, this Act establishes Green Food Zones, banning the sale of energy dense and nutrient poor foods including fast food and soda within school premises and stores within 200 metres of schools. In 2017, Green Food Zones existed at over 10,515 schools (over 90% of schools). The provisions were implemented in 2009\u201310.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1279","name":"South Korea"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1625","name":"Sugary drinks"},{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in school locality","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""}],"social":"\r\n\t\t\t In 2011, Australia introduced the voluntary school food guidelines \"National Healthy School Canteens: guidelines for healthy food and drinks supplied in school canteens\u201d (NHSCGs). The guidelines, updated in 2013, are based on the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines. The guidelines include three components: a national food categorisation system for school canteens, training materials for canteen staff and an evaluation toolkit. The food categorisation system uses a traffic light system to distinguish food categories that should be promoted and those that should be limited based on their nutritional value: red (not recommended), amber (select carefully) and green (always available). The guidelines provide examples of food within each category and additional nutrient criteria to assist the categorisation of food, mainly in the amber category. Food in the green category should be actively promoted. Food in the red category, such as sugar- and artificially sweetened drinks, food high in sugar, fat and\/or salt and food containing excessive energy, should not be sold in school canteens. Implementation of the guidelines is at the discretion of each state or territory government.<\/p>\n The Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Northern Territory (NT) and Tasmania have implemented the national guidelines in full (ACT Public School Food and Drink Policy 2015, NT Canteen, Nutrition and Healthy Eating Guidelines 2013 and Tasmania School Canteen Handbook \u2013 a whole school approach to healthy eating 2014) while other states and territories have incorporated components of the guidelines within their own system:<\/p>\n New South Wales (NSW) has taken a different approach. The \u201cNSW Healthy School Canteen Strategy 2017\u201d is based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines and classifies food and drinks as either \"everyday\" (healthy) or \"occasional\" (less healthy). The strategy also uses the Health Star Rating (see \"N \u2013 Nutrition label standards and regulations on the use of claims and implied claims on food\") to guide users in selecting healthier versions of \"occasional\" packaged food.<\/p>\n Evaluation<\/strong> Added May 2019:<\/span> Myers G, Sauzier M, Ferguson A, Pettigrew S (2019). Objective assessment of compliance with a state-wide school food-service policy via menu audits<\/a>.
\nHuang L et al. (2015) A systematic review of the prevalence of nutrition labels and completeness of nutrient declarations on pre-packaged food in China<\/a>. Journal of Public Health<\/em> 37<\/em>(4), 649-658<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1246","name":"Australia"},{"countryId":"1247","name":"Canada"},{"countryId":"1248","name":"Chile"},{"countryId":"1249","name":"China"},{"countryId":"1250","name":"Colombia"},{"countryId":"1251","name":"Costa Rica"},{"countryId":"1252","name":"Ecuador"},{"countryId":"1253","name":"El Salvador"},{"countryId":"1254","name":"Guatemala"},{"countryId":"1255","name":"Gulf Cooperation Council"},{"countryId":"1256","name":"Honduras"},{"countryId":"1257","name":"Hong Kong"},{"countryId":"1259","name":"India"},{"countryId":"1260","name":"Indonesia"},{"countryId":"1261","name":"Israel"},{"countryId":"1262","name":"Japan"},{"countryId":"1263","name":"Mercosur"},{"countryId":"1264","name":"Mexico"},{"countryId":"1265","name":"New Zealand"},{"countryId":"1266","name":"Nicaragua"},{"countryId":"1267","name":"Philippines"},{"countryId":"1268","name":"Russia"},{"countryId":"1269","name":"Taiwan"},{"countryId":"1270","name":"Thailand"},{"countryId":"1271","name":"US"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Mandatory nutrient lists","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":"
\nDoell D et al. (2012) Updated estimate of trans fat intake by the US population<\/a>. Food Additives and Contaminants <\/em>29(6), 861-874<\/p>\n
\nJones A, Shahid M, Neal, B (2018) Uptake of Australia\u2019s Health Star Rating System. Nutrients 10(8): 997.<\/p>\n
Added May 2019:<\/span> Correa T et al. (2019). Responses to the Chilean law of food labelling and advertising: exploring knowledge, perceptions and behaviours of mothers of young children<\/a>. International Journal of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity<\/em> 16(21), 1-10.xxiii<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1248","name":"Chile"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1610","name":"Warning"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":"New"},{"overview":"
\nVyth, EL\u00a0et al. (2009)\u00a0A front-of-pack nutrition logo: a quantitative and qualitative process evaluation in the Netherlands<\/a>.\u00a0Journal of health communication<\/em>,\u00a014<\/em>(7), 631-645<\/p>\n
\nGreve, C and Neess, RI. (2014). The Evolution of the Whole Grain Partnership in Denmark<\/a>.<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1284","name":"Denmark"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1796","name":"Wholegrain"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":"
\nFreire WB, Waters WF, Rivas-Mari\u00f1o G, Nguyen T, & Rivas P (2017) A qualitative study of consumer perceptions and use of traffic light food labelling in Ecuador<\/a>. Public health nutrition<\/em>, 20<\/em>(5), 805-813<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1252","name":"Ecuador"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1589","name":"Label"},{"countryId":"1605","name":"Traffic light"},{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":"
\nSacks G, Rayner M, Swinburn B. (2009) Impact of front-of-pack \u2018traffic-light\u2019 nutrition labelling on consumer food purchases in the UK<\/a>. Health Promotion International 24(4)<\/em>, 344-352<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1292","name":"UK"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1605","name":"Traffic light"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":"Expired policy<\/h2>\n
\nKnai C et al. (2015) Has a public-private partnership resulted in action on healthier diets in England? An analysis of the Public Health Responsibility Deal food pledges<\/a>. Food Policy 54<\/em>, 1-10<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1292","name":"UK"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1611","name":"Front-of-pack"},{"countryId":"1605","name":"Traffic light"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1588","name":"Fat"},{"countryId":"1600","name":"Saturated fat"},{"countryId":"1599","name":"Salt"},{"countryId":"1603","name":"Sugar"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Interpretative & warning labels","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":"
\nWellard L et al. (2015) The availability and accessibility of nutrition information in fast food outlets in five states post-menu labelling legislation in New South Wales<\/a>. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health<\/em> 39(6):546-549<\/p>\nExpired policy<\/h2>\n
\nKnai C et al. (2015) Has a public-private partnership resulted in action on healthier diets in England? An analysis of the Public Health Responsibility Deal food pledges<\/a>. Food Policy<\/em> 54, 1-10<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1292","name":"UK"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1594","name":"Menus"},{"countryId":"1609","name":"Voluntary measures"},{"countryId":"1587","name":"Fast food restaurants"}],"breadcrumb":"Nutrition labels > Menus","class":"category-1","letter":"N","updated":""},{"overview":"
\nElbel B et al. (2013) Calorie Labeling, Fast Food Purchasing and Restaurant Visits<\/a>. Obesity (Silver Spring)<\/em> 21(11): 2172-2179<\/p>\n
\nMyers G et al (2018). A process and outcome evaluation of an in-class vegetable promotion program<\/a>. Appetite 125, 182-189<\/p>\n
\nEuropean Commission, Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development. Evaluation of the European School Fruit Scheme Final Report<\/a>. Brussels, 2012<\/p>\n
\n\u00d8vrum A, Bere E (2013) Evaluating free school fruit: results from a natural experiment in Norway with representative data<\/a>. Public Health Nutrition<\/em> 17(6), 1224-1231<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1276","name":"Norway"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1626","name":"Fruit & veg"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Fruit & veg in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":"
\nFogarty AW et al. (2007) Does participation in a population-based dietary intervention scheme have a lasting impact on fruit intake in young children?<\/a> International Journal of Epidemiology<\/em> 36(5), 1080-1085<\/p>\n
\nLin Y-C, Fly AD (2016) USDA Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program Is More Effective in Town and Rural Schools Than Those in More Populated Communities<\/a>. Journal of School Health<\/em> 86(11), 769-777<\/p>\n
\nGregori\u010d M et al. (2015) School nutrition guidelines: overview of the implementation and evaluation<\/a>. Public Health Nutrition<\/em> 18(9), 1582-1592<\/p>\n","countries":[{"countryId":"1309","name":"Slovenia"}],"topics":[{"countryId":"1601","name":"Schools"},{"countryId":"1583","name":"Curriculum"},{"countryId":"1596","name":"Procurement"},{"countryId":"1584","name":"Dietary guidelines"},{"countryId":"1582","name":"Children"},{"countryId":"1615","name":"Catering"}],"breadcrumb":"Offer healthy food > Mandatory standards for food in schools","class":"category-1","letter":"O","updated":""},{"overview":"
\nSpence S et al. (2014)\u00a0Did School Food and Nutrient-Based Standards in England Impact on 11-12Y Olds Nutrient Intake at Lunchtime and in Total Diet? Repeat Cross-Sectional Study<\/a>.\u00a0PLOS<\/em>\u00a0ONE\u00a0<\/em>\u00a09(11): e112648<\/p>\n
\nJohnson, DB et al. (2016) Effect of the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act on the Nutritional Quality of Meals Selected by Students and School Lunch Participation Rates<\/a>. JAMA Pediatr<\/em> 170(1):e153918<\/p>\n\n
\nDick M et al. (2012) Evaluation of implementation of a healthy food and drink supply strategy throughout the whole school environment in Queensland state schools, Australia<\/a>. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition<\/em> 66, 1124-1129<\/p>\n