- New guidance developed with experts including patients and service users
- Our Cancer Prevention Recommendations are beneficial after a cancer diagnosis
- Comprehensive review of evidence and recommendations for future research directions
Two new in-depth scientific reports, launched at the World Cancer Congress in Geneva, bring together a full synthesis of the current evidence on diet, nutrition, physical activity and body weight from World Cancer Research Fund International’s Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) on people living with and beyond breast and colorectal cancers.
For the first time, they present guidance for people living with and beyond breast and colorectal cancers, caregivers and health professionals. The reports also discuss the limitations of the existing research and make recommendations for future research to strengthen the evidence base.
Relevant and accessible
The CUP Global research team at Imperial College London conducted 7 systematic reviews, together assessing many thousands of recent research papers, studies and databases. World Cancer Research Fund convened expert panels, including oncologists and researchers, as well as patients and people with lived experience of cancer, to ensure the guidance is relevant and accessible.
Prof Andrew Renehan, Deputy Chair of the CUP Global Expert Committee on Cancer Survivorship, said:
These reports are the culmination of over 2 years of detailed work by World Cancer Research Fund International and the CUP Global partnership. They are a substantial and significant body of work and represent the best synthesis of our knowledge to date. As well as providing guidance for oncology health professionals and people living with and beyond cancer, they offer a clear direction for researchers seeking to advance the field.
Lynette Hill, Public Representative on the CUP Global panel, said:
Our challenge was to translate the complex findings from so many scientific papers into simple messages for people living with and beyond cancer. This will help health professionals to answer questions and inform their patients about the role of diet, physical activity and body weight, and the importance of these to their future health.
The reports show how nutrition, physical activity and body weight affect survival and recurrence. For people living with and beyond breast cancer, there is strong evidence that a physically active lifestyle improves health-related quality of life and that a diet high in fibre may improve health outcomes. For colorectal cancer, the evidence suggests that physically active lifestyles and a diet rich in wholegrain foods, and avoiding sugary drinks, may improve health outcomes and overall survival.
Key evidence in the reports was recently published in a series of linked papers in the International Journal of Cancer, published by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC),
Dr Sonali Johnson, Head of Knowledge, Advocacy and Policy at the UICC said:
The guidance provided in these reports is about giving people living with cancer the tools they need to take control of their health. By focusing on practical changes such improving diet, staying active and managing weight, we can help reduce the risk of cancer coming back and improve the quality of life for so many, bringing us closer to a world where fewer lives are lost to cancer, and more people can live healthier, longer lives after diagnosis.
World Cancer Research Fund’s CUP Global is the world’s largest source of scientific research on cancer prevention and survivorship through diet, nutrition, physical activity and body weight. It is funded in partnership with American Institute for Cancer Research, World Cancer Research Fund in the UK and Wereld Kanker Onderzoek Fonds in the Netherlands.
Dr Helen Croker, World Cancer Research Fund International’s Assistant Director of Research and Policy, and Head of the CUP Global Secretariat, said:
As an evidence-based organisation, we have used the best available evidence to develop this process and produce practical guidance on diet, physical activity and body weight for people living with and beyond cancer. We hope this guidance will help support people to live longer, healthier lives.
By highlighting gaps in the evidence base, the reports show where further, high-quality research is needed. These include well-designed clinical trials and prospective cohort studies, as well as understanding the biological mechanisms involved. We hope this will be a springboard for further progress.
Ends
Notes to editors
Download the reports:
> Breast cancer
> Colorectal cancer
Download the executive summaries:
> Breast cancer
> Colorectal cancer
Summary guidance in the reports
- Suggests that people living with and beyond breast and colorectal cancers consider increasing their physical activity, under the supervision of health care professionals.
- Suggests that people living with and beyond breast and colorectal cancers consider following as many of WCRF/AICR’s Cancer Prevention Recommendations as they are able.
- People diagnosed with breast cancer should consider:
- increasing their dietary fibre intake.
- avoiding gaining weight during and after treatment (if not underweight).
- People diagnosed with colorectal cancer should consider increasing their dietary intake of wholegrain foods, and reducing their sugary drink intake.
Much of the research in these reports build on the 2014 (updated 2018) report: Diet, nutrition, physical activity and breast cancer survivors, which was published as part of the WCRF/AICR Third Expert Report on the links between lifestyle/modifiable behaviours and cancer. At that time, research on cancer survival was limited, but there was enough evidence to conclude that people living with and beyond cancer should follow our Cancer Prevention Recommendations if they can.
About World Cancer Research Fund International
World Cancer Research Fund International examines how diet, nutrition, body weight and physical activity affect your risk of developing and surviving cancer. As part of an international network of charities, we have been funding life-saving research, influencing global public health policy, and educating the public since 1982.
www.wcrf.org and X, Facebook, YouTube and LinkedIn.
About the Global Cancer Update Programme
World Cancer Research Fund’s Global Cancer Update Programme is the world’s largest, most authoritative and up-to-date source of scientific research on cancer prevention and survivorship. It analyses global research on how diet, nutrition and physical activity affect cancer risk and survival. Hosted by Imperial College, London, the programme’s database contains over 12,000 papers on cancer prevention and survival. Its findings are systematically evaluated by an independent panel of leading cancer experts convened by World Cancer Research Fund. They are used to update our Cancer Prevention Recommendations, trusted by oncology experts, researchers and health professionals, and widely cited by policymakers and media worldwide.
Related content
Our helpline is run by a team of oncology specialist dietitians. The service aims to help people get the nutritional advice needed to support their cancer treatment and recovery, and will address issues such as taste changes, appetite loss, nausea and constipation as well as how to maintain a healthy weight during treatment.
It can be hard to get access to the appropriate support around nutrition. If you or your patient or client have ever had a cancer diagnosis, and are looking for evidence-based nutrition, the service is available on Tuesdays (12-2pm) and Thursdays (6-8pm). These hours of operation will be expanded as the year progresses.
Comments on the launch of the new helpline
Christopher Allen, Cancer Support Programme Manager at World Cancer Research Fund comments:
We wanted to provide people with cancer a helpline where they can access expert nutritional information. This can often be difficult through the NHS. Treatments such as chemotherapy can make it more of a challenge to eat as you normally would while absorbing the necessary nutrients – and we’ll offer tips and support to make mealtimes easier and more enjoyable for those with a cancer diagnosis.
Jodie Burdett, who had a breast cancer diagnosis, says:
When I was diagnosed, I looked at which habits I could change. It was difficult to know who to trust as there’s quite a lot of ‘advice’ out there with conflicting and confusing messages. So many of us going through chemotherapy unhelpfully get told, ‘you just need to keep your weight up, eat four cream cakes.
That’s when I came across World Cancer Research Fund; its helpline will play a vital role for so many people going through cancer like me who need information about nutrition.
Debbie Hack, Oncology Specialist Dietitian, who takes calls on the helpline, says:
When I heard about World Cancer Research Fund’s new nutrition helpline my immediate thoughts were ‘at last, something that fills the gap.
Dietetic services for cancer vary significantly across the UK and those affected don’t always have access to credible nutritional support. Our helpline addresses this fundamental need. Some people just require reassurance or guidance on how to access the right information, and now we are here to help with that.
Latest news and blogs
A bowel cancer diagnosis during lockdown shocked our supporter Claire Burlison to the core. But following surgery, she’s now living beyond cancer and trying to follow our Recommendations.
A cancer diagnosis can be devastating for anyone. But when you’re young, energetic – and the world is in the grip of a global pandemic – it’s even harder.
“I was diagnosed with bowel cancer in 2020,” says Claire, “which came as a shock as I’m only in my 40s. Before that, I assumed my irritable bowel syndrome was just getting worse. It was only when I got sharp stomach pains and ended up in A&E that I found out I needed surgery.
“I was expecting bad news, but it still knocked me for six when they phoned and told me I had bowel cancer,” she adds.
Although bowel cancer – like most cancers – is more prevalent in older adults, it’s sadly increasingly common in younger people. Researchers are trying to find out why. Fortunately for Claire, doctors found that the cancer hadn’t spread. Now, having been cancer-free for over 2 years, she’s trying to follow our Recommendations in her daily life to reduce the risk of cancer returning.
Conscious eating
Claire limits alcohol and is much more aware of what she eats – checking food labels to see what’s really in the food she’s buying, and dramatically reducing how much red and processed meat she eats, because of the strong links to bowel cancer.
Exercise is also important for people living beyond cancer – with both physical and mental benefits. For Claire, staying active comes naturally as she is the founder of the international dance phenomenon Clubbercise. Blending simple but effective dance, toning and combat moves, Clubbercise is a workout with a difference aimed at all abilities. The atmosphere is more nightclub than gym, as people dance together in a darkened room with low lighting and flashing LED glow sticks.
Know the symptoms of bowel cancer
Claire says she’s “proud to still be here supporting Bowel Cancer Awareness Month”, which takes place in April every year.
“Thankfully, my cancer was caught early and I’m fine now but many people aren’t so lucky. I’ve lost friends to this terrible disease and I’m keen to raise awareness to help others. If you notice any changes to your bowel habits that last more than a couple of weeks please see your doctor straight away – it could save your life!”
Get the lowdown on bowel cancer
What does our research say about how you can prevent the disease?
